Load the cartridge into the genexpert instrument as per manufacturers instructions less than 0. The objective of the study was to investigate the distribution and frequency of mutations detected by xpert assay among beijing and nonbeijing rrtb isolates. The xpert mtb rif assay is a new test that is revolutionizing tuberculosis tb control. The xpert mtb rif assay could be used as a rulein test for tbm in conjunction with other clinical data to have a definite diagnosis and institute treatment early. Xpert mtb rif is the preferred method for cerebrospinal fluid csf specimens from presumptive tb meningitis and other selected tissues from presumptive eptb. Genexpert xpert mtbrif in multidrug resistant tuberculosis. A laboratorian and a clinician discuss interpretation of. The xpert assay sample treatment reagent sr was also studied for its sterilizing capacity, stability, and effect on assay. The sputum is mixed with the reagent that is provided with the assay, and a cartridge containing this mixture is placed in the genexpert.
Genexpert mtbrif assay is a nucleic acid amplification naa test which simultaneously detects dna of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Genexpert implementation in south africa public sector. Molecular testing enables speed, and the mtb rif test is feasible for use in peripheral labs and clinics by unskilled personnel. Xpert mtbrif ultra xpert ultra was developed to overcome this limitation. The genexpert mtb rif assay is potentially valuable for tb diagnosis in the majority of the ep and respiratory other than sputum samples in our setting. Distribution and frequency of rpob mutations detected by. Monitoring quality indicators for the xpert mtbrif. We have 1 genexpert xpert mtb rif manual available for free pdf download. We assessed the performance of xpert mtb rif, an automated molecular test for mycobacterium tuberculosis mtb and resistance to rifampin rif, with fully integrated sample processing in 1730 patients with suspected drugsensitive or multidrugresistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Why was mtb rif ultra developed mtb rif assay challenges. Laboratory considerations for use of cepheid xpert mtbrif.
Resistant strains, and considerations for its use united. We compared the bioaerosols generated by the xpert assay to acidfast bacillus afb microscope slide smear preparation. Add 2ml of the sample mixture directly to the xpert mtb rif cartridge 3. Journal of pathogens hindawi publishing corporation. The xpert mtb rif test is a cartridgebased fully automated naat nucleic acid amplification test for tb case detection and rifampicin resistance testing, suitable for use in diseaseendemic countries. Maximizing centralized testing models and genexpert hubs. Xpert mtbrif assay is the only whorecommended diagnostic test that simultaneously detects tb and rifampicin resistance a good proxy for mdrtb and. Conflict of interest find is a nonprofit foundation devoted to developing and rolling out diagnostic tools for povertyrelated diseases. There is no doubt that xpert could not be more sensitive than mycobacterial culture, while the positive rate of xpert among sputum samples was higher than that of mycobacterial culture in our laboratory.
Eligible patients in peru, azerbaijan, south africa, and india provided three sputum specimens each. The recently introduced xpert mtb rif assay xpert has pointofcare potential, but its capacity for biohazard containment remained to be studied. The genexpert mtb rif assay system 18 definition 18 principle of the test 18. To determine diagnostic accuracy of xpert mtbrif and xpert ultra for tuberculosis in adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis ptb and. Research article open access diagnostic accuracy of the. The genexpert diagnoses tb by detecting the presence of tb bacteria, as well as testing for resistance to the drug rifampicin. Xpert mtb rif of a biological specimen lymph node tissue and aspirate, csf, pleural fluid, gastric lavage aspirate, or other tissue samples. The xpert mtb rif assay is an automated molecular test that has improved the detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance, but its sensitivity is inadequate in patients with.
Building on this success, faster and more accurate detection of mtb from the first point of encounter in the community is critical. Rapid implementation of the xpert mtb rif diagnostic test 6 p a g e 2. Sensitivity in smear negatives and hiv associated tb low 6070% suboptimal sensitivity for rif resistance determination limitations. Evaluation of genexpert mtbrif system performances in the. Xpert mtbrif assay is regarded as a great achievement of modern medicine for the rapid diagnosis of. Xpert mtb rif ultra xpert ultra was developed to overcome this limitation. June, 2019 xpert mtb xdr page 3 of 190 3006081, rev. The xpert mtb rif assay is a nucleic acid amplification naa test that uses a disposable cartridge with the genexpert instrument system. February 2009 the xpert mtb rif is a cartridgebased nucleic acid amplification test naat for simultaneous rapid tuberculosis diagnosis and rapid antibiotic sensitivity test. It is revolutionizing tb control with aids in prompt diagnosis and treatment selection of appropriate tb regimen.
Resuspend the csf to a final volume of 2 ml with xpert mtb rif sample reagent. A sputum sample is collected from the patient with suspected tb. Xpert mtbrif ultra for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and. Xpert mtbrif assay for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Data generated at a thirdparty tb reference laboratory shows concordance with both package insert. The xpert mtb rif xpert assay uses five overlapping molecular beacon probes ae complementary to rrdr region that detect mtbc and mutations associated with rr. The introduction of genexpert mtb rif assay has impacted positively in tuberculosis diagnosis, providing a rapid way of identifying tuberculosis patients in high burden, low income countries. Although the genexpert mtb rif assay provides rapid diagnostic results, the overall sensitivity to rule out the disease is suboptimal for some specimen types. However mycobacterium tuberculosis mtb detection in.
Partnered with genexpert systems, xpert mtb rif ultra will bring. A laboratorian and a clinician discuss interpretation of xpert mtb rif results dr. Easy to perform realtime pcr 5 molecular beacon probes. Impact of the genexpert mtbrif technology on tuberculosis. The sensitivity and specificity of genexpert mtb rif were almost the same in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples 78. Specificity estimates of xpert mtb rif and xpert mtb rif ultra xpert ultra for tuberculosis case detection in patients with a tuberculosis treatment history and for different approaches to. Implementing quality indicators is necessary for monitoring and evaluating the quality of xpert mtb rif diagnostic services.
Xpert mtb rif medical equipment pdf manual download. Objective to assess the use of quality indicators for the xpert mtb rif molecular assay in ethiopia and to compare the findings with. It purifies, concentrates, amplifies by rapid, realtime pcr and identifies targeted. Genexpert implementation in south africa public sector one year laterlessons learnt. Molecular technology revolutionized the diagnosis of tuberculosis tb with a paradigm shift to faster, more sensitive, clinically relevant patient care. Genexpert xpert mtb rif user manual 25 pages semiquantitative nested realtime pcr invitro diagnostic test. Rapid implementation of the xpert mtbrif diagnostic test. A july 20 genprobe amplified mtb users guide in0014 rev. It is an automated diagnostic test that can identify mycobacterium tuberculosis mtb dna and resistance to rifampicin rif. The development of the xpert mtb rif assay for the genexpert platform was completed in 2009 and is considered an important breakthrough in the fight against tb. Xpert mtb rif, an automated molecular test for mycobacterium tuberculosis mtb and resistance to rifampin rif uses heminested realtime polymerasechain reaction pcr assay to amplify an mtbspecific sequence of the rpob gene testing is carried out on the mtb rif test platform genexpert, cepheid. The most recent molecular leader is the genexpert mtb rif assay xpert cepheid, sunnyvale, ca, which was endorsed by the world health organization with unprecedented speed in december 2010 as the initial diagnostic for detection of hiv. The probes are able to detect mutations in the codons 507. The xpert mtbrif assay is an automated molecular test that has improved the detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance.
The genexpert mtb rif uses molecular beacons in five overlapping regions of the rpob dna region. The whos policy statement was supported by a rapid implementation document, which provided the technical howto and operational considerations for. The xpert mtb rif assay what is the xpert mtb rif assay. Omnigenesputum is compatible with the cepheid genexpert mtb rif assay. Availability of an assay for detecting mycobacterium tuberculosis, including rifampin. Frequently asked questions on xpert mtbrif assay contents. The xpert mtb rif assay is an automated molecular test that has improved the detection of tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance, but its sensitivity is inadequate in patients with paucibacillary disease or hiv. Xpert mtb rif has been developed through a partnership between cepheid, find and umdnj with support fro. Despite substantial increased sensitivity for mtb detection compared with smear microscopy. Implementation guideline for genexpert mtbrif assay in.
Evaluation of genexpert mtb rif for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis nguyen thi quynh nhu, adorothee heemskerk, do dang anh thu,a tran thi hong chau,b nguyen thi hoang mai,b ho dang trung nghia,b pham phu loc,b dang thi minh ha,a,c laura merson,a tran thi van thinh,a jeremy day,a nguyen van vinh chau,b marcel wolbers,a jeremy farrar,a maxine cawsa. For the first time, a molecular test is simple and robust enough to be introduced and used outside conventional laboratory settings. While this technology is simple to implement, the quality of the final results ultimately depends on the quality of preanalytic steps. The first edition titled rapid implementation of the xpert mtbrif diagnostic test was. Rifampicin resistance rate found by genexpert mtb rif was 0. Xpert mtbrif ultra for the diagnosis of hivassociated. Registration of tb cases diagnosed using xpert mtb rif 16 4.
Ac hazard statements flammable liquid and vapour causes severe skin burns and eye damage. View and download genexpert xpert mtb rif user manual online. In two multicentre studies, a single mtb rif test detected almost all smearpositive tb patients and about threequarters of the smearnegative tb patients whilst. Introduction in ethiopia, 300 genexpert instruments have been deployed for tuberculosis tb testing using the xpert mtb rif cartridge. The mtb rif test offers a potential solution for improving tb diagnosis. Genexpert rif comparative data to lpa andor culture. Genexpert mtbrif assay is a rapid diagnosis test of tuberculosis tb and drug resistance. Invitro studies of xpert mtb rif xpert and xpert ultra assays have been done on sputum samples spiked with decreasing numbers of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv colonyforming units cfus, which found the limit of detection to be 16 cfus per ml for xpert ultra versus 1 cfus per ml for xpert a seventimes reduction in the limit of detection. The xpert mtbrif assay is a rapid molecular assay that can be used close to the point of. The full name of the cbnaat test is the cartridge based nucleic acid amplification. Physicians should bear in mind that the xpert mtb rif cannot be used to ruleout a diagnosis of tbm. Pdf the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the genexpert mtbrif sputum test for diagnosing pulmonary.
Containment of bioaerosol infection risk by the xpert mtb. Genexpert mtb rif xpert assay has been endorsed for the diagnosis of pulmonary tb due to its high sensitivity and specificity for culture positive tb. Pdf false positive tuberculosis cases xpert mtbrif. The cepheid xpert mtb rif test is considered by many as a revolution the diagnostics of tuberculosis in providing a platform that is accurate, fast and easy to use directly from a patients sputum sample. In india, where the genexpert is starting to be widely used, it is known as the cbnaat.
Pdf xpert mtbrif ultra for detection of mycobacterium. Case definition for tb cases by xpert mtb rif test. This reagent allows tb control programs to implement sample batching and increase use and efficiency of centralized testing models. Genexpert mtbrif outperforms mycobacterial culture in. In this role, find has development partnerships with industry. Management of tb and rr cases based on xpert mtb rif test results 15 3. The gain in the lowering of biohazard risks from the use of xpert mtb rif may also be offset by the increased risk to healthcare workers and patients from such procedures, which are known to generate infectious aerosols. Correspondence 1 boehme cc, nicol mp, nabeta p, et al. Genexpert mtbrif assay as initial test for diagnosis of. The assay was performed using the version g3 of the xpert mtb rif assay until 7 april 2012 and the version g4 thereafter following manufacturers instructions cepheid, sunnyvale, ca, usa. Xpert mtb rif, an automated molecular test for mycobacterium tuberculosis mtb and resistance to rifampin rif uses heminested realtime polymerasechain reaction pcr assay to amplify an mtbspecific sequence of the rpob gene testing is carried out on the mtb rif test platform genexpert. Cepheid xpert mtb rif assay november 20 3 all mtb isolates, including those that are rif sensitive, should receive additional dst by culturebased methods to determine the susceptibility patterns of other drugs used to treat tb.